Electric arc furnace
A dense, low-residual charge that dilutes the tramp elements in scrap.
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Hot briquetted iron (HBI)
Hot briquetted iron: direct reduced iron compacted while still above 650 °C into dense pillow-shaped briquettes. The density is the point. Above 5 g/cm³ the briquettes resist reoxidation, which is what makes them safe to ship and store where loose DRI is not.
- Grade / purity
- Metallisation 94% typical
- Standard
- IMO definition: compacted above 650 °C, density above 5 g/cm³
- Form
- Briquettes
Applications
Blast furnace
Charged with the burden to raise productivity and cut the coke rate.
Basic oxygen furnace
An iron unit and a coolant in the converter, in place of some scrap.
Specification
| Briquette size | (90 to 140) x (48 to 58) x (32 to 34) mm |
|---|---|
| Apparent density | above 5.0 t/m³ |
| Bulk density | 2.5 to 3.3 t/m³ |
| Metallisation | 94.0% |
| Total iron (Fe) | 88.3 to 94.0% |
| Metallic iron | 83.0 to 88.4% |
| Carbon | 0.5 to 1.6% |
| Sulphur | 0.001 to 0.03% |
| Phosphorus (P2O5) | 0.005 to 0.09% |
| Gangue | 3.9 to 8.6% |
| Fines and chips | 5.0% max |
Typical ranges published by the International Iron Metallics Association. Gangue is the unreduced oxide left behind, mostly silica and alumina. The analysis of any given cargo is agreed per contract.
